![[PukiWiki]](image/pukiwiki.png "[PukiWiki]")
The 25R-NBOH family is a group of thermally labile compounds that are relevant for forensic sciences and traditionally analyzed by GC-MS after derivatization - a step that is time consuming in a routine work. In this paper, the use of short analytical columns (4 and 10 m) showed to decrease compound degradation in the GC oven during chromatographic separation and to allow the analysis of non-derivatized 25R-NBOH compounds by GC-MS. A shorter column demanded a higher gas flow rate, and both factors decreased residence time of the analytes in the column and their degradation. The inlet temperature (250° C or 280°C) did not impact the response of 25R-NBOH. A 25R-NBOH fragmentation pathway by electron ionization was also presented for the first time. The GC-MS method with a 4 m column was successfully applied to other compounds of forensic interest, and it can be tested in the analysis of biological samples in toxicological investigations. Since the beginning of 21st century, several major public health emergencies (PHEs) have threatened the health of people globally. Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) was one of the most concerned mental health problems. The objective of this study is to systematically estimate the prevalence of PTSS under the influence of PHEs. We searched both English and Chinese databases. This meta-analysis used a random-effects model to estimate the prevalence of PTSS. Subgroup analyses were conducted to analyze the source of heterogeneity. Meta-regression model was used to calculate the proportion of the variance explained by subgroup moderators. Forty eligible studies (n=15,538) were identified. The results revealed a pooled prevalence of PTSS of 17.0% (95%CI 13.5%-21.2%), higher than that of previous epidemiological survey, with high between-studies heterogeneity (Q=1199, I =96.75%, p<.001). There was variance of prevalence in different countries (4.0%-36.5%) and epidemics (12.1%-36.5%). The prevalence of P high-quality studies.This study suggested that the PTSS was common under the influence of PHEs. It was crucial to further explore the psychological mechanism and effective strategies for prevention and intervention in future research with more high-quality studies.Amniotic fluid embolism remains the 3rd cause of maternal death in France, with a stable rate and 28 deaths in this triennium, representing 10.7% of maternal deaths and a maternal mortality ratio of 1.2/100,000 live births. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mrtx849.html Cases are characterized by the suddenness of symptoms the median delay between symptoms and death was 4h [0.75-696] with 20/28 patients did not reach the intensive care unit. Initial circulatory failure or cataclysmic haemorrhage was the two modes of presentation. Prodromes were reported in 17 (63%) cases and induction of labour was present in 12/27 (44%). One or more factors of sub-optimal care were present in 72% of the cases, and 52% of deaths were considered possibly or probably preventable. This preventability most often concerned the content of care but also the organisation of care (including human resources, communication, sites of care and referrals). The delay in establishing a well-conducted cardio-circulatory resuscitation or the delay in setting up an optimal transfusion strategy were the most frequent elements of substandard care. Absence or delay at hysterectomy during haemorrhagic situations was reported in 15/20 cases. The experts suggest being on the alert to diagnose amniotic embolism at an early stage, initiating intense resuscitation "outside the walls", envisaging a hysterectomy without delay if the haemorrhage is intense. On an organisational level, a "vital emergency maternity care" plan, specific to each establishment could be proposed.Maternal deaths from indirect obstetric causes are the result of a pre-existing disease or condition that appeared during pregnancy without obstetric causes, but which was aggravated by the physiological effects of pregnancy. Twenty-six deaths from indirect causes related to a pre-existing pathology, excluding disease of the circulatory system or infection, were analysed by the committee of experts. Pre-existing pathology during pregnancy was documented in 13 women (asthma, n=3, genetic diseases, n=3, previous breast cancer, n=2, major sickle cell syndrome, n=2, epilepsy, n=1 and brain tumour, n=1). In 13 women, the pathology was not known before pregnancy (breast cancer, n=6, brain tumours, n=3, uterine sarcoma, n=1, cervical cancer, n=1, malignant melanoma, n=1 and acute myeloid leukaemia, n=1). For 16 women (61%), the death is related to a neoplastic pathology. Although the majority were considered inevitable for 11/16 women, 5 deaths were considered possibly preventable, the main preventable factor being a delay in diagnosis, and/or a delay in starting a specific treatment. For 10 women, the death is related to a chronic non-neoplastic pathology, known before pregnancy for 9 women, judged most often as possibly preventable, the main preventable factor being the failure of the medical team or the patient to take the pathology and/or its treatment into account. A preconception medical consultation with a specialist should be recommended to all patients with pre-existing disease. A clinical examination of the breasts is strongly recommended at the first visit and then during pregnancy.Between 2013 and 2015, cardiovascular diseases became one of the two leading causes of maternal mortality, with 36 deaths (13.7% of maternal deaths). The overall maternal mortality ratio for cardiovascular diseases is 1.5 per 100,000 live births, stable compared to the 2010-2012 period. The etiologies in order of decreasing frequency are pre-existing cardiomyopathies (n=10), aortic dissections (n=9), peripartum cardiomyopathies (n=6), myocardial infarction (n=4), valvular cardiopathies (n=4). Non-optimal care occurred in 72% of cases, increasing since the previous triennium (50%). Similarly, there is a significant increase in the proportion of preventable deaths (possibly or probably) from 35% to 66%. In women with known cardiovascular disease, the lack of multidisciplinary prepregnancy assessment and pregnancy follow-up is most frequent. In patients with unknown cardiovascular disease, the lack of diagnosis of a cardiac event is the most common failure. Cardiovascular conditions or cardiovascular risk factors should be investigated in early pregnancy in order to monitor and refer women to appropriate maternity hospitals.
